ObjectiveTo understand the distribution characteristics and changes of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) patterns in maintenance hemodialysis (MH) patients and explore the relationship between different TCM pattern of patients with MH and arterial vascular calcification and atherosclerosis.MethodsPatients who received regular MH treatment from June 2020 to August 2023 were included. The TCM pattern diagnostic criteria were based on the 2002 Guiding Principles for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicines for chronic renal failure, along with the symptom grading quantification table. Clinical data from these patients were collected for analysis.ResultsDistribution of TCM patterns: In MH patients, 50 cases (26.7%) of spleen and kidney yang deficiency with damp heat, 56 cases (29.9%) of spleen and kidney yang deficiency with water pathogens, 56 cases (29.9%) of spleen and kidney qi yin deficiency, and 25 cases (13.4%) of other types. The differences in the occurrence of adverse events in heart failure varies among different patterns in MH patients (P < 0.05). In patients with MH, there are differences in spleen-kidney qi-yin deficiency and spleen-kidney yang deficiency with damp-heat among different patterns in arterial vascular calcification (P < 0.05). Among MH patients, the total rate of ASCVD in spleen-kidney yang deficiency with damp-heat is higher than that in other patterns (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe TCM patterns of MH patient are mainly spleen-kidney yang deficiency with damp-heat, spleen-kidney yang deficiency with water pathogens, and spleen-kidney qi-yin deficiency. Among different patterns of MH patients, the incidence of heart failure in spleen-kidney yang deficiency with water pathogens is higher than that in other types during the follow-up period of adverse events. In patients with MH, the spleen-kidney yang deficiency with damp-heat syndrome is higher than other types of patterns in coronary artery calcification. In abdominal aortic calcification, the spleen-kidney qi-yin deficiency is higher than other types of patterns. The total ratio of ASCVD in those with spleen-kidney yang deficiency and damp-heat is higher than that in other patterns.

chronic kidney disease;maintenance hemodialysis;traditional Chinese medicine pattern;adverse event;vascular lesion